The Vertebral Column

The vertebral column is also known as the spinal column or spine. It consists of a sequence of vertebrae (singular = vertebra), each of which is separated and united by an intervertebral disc. Together, the vertebrae and intervertebral discs form the vertebral column....

Vertebra

Each of the bones composing the Spine is a Vertebra.   General Structure of a Vertebra Within the different regions of the vertebral column, vertebrae vary in size and shape, but they all follow a similar structural pattern. A typical vertebra will consist of a body,...

Thoracic Vertebrae

The bodies of the thoracic vertebrae are larger than those of cervical vertebrae (Picture 1). The characteristic feature for a typical midthoracic vertebra is the spinous process, which is long and has a pronounced downward angle that causes it to overlap the next...

Cervical Vertebrae

Typical cervical vertebrae, such as C4 or C5, have several characteristic features that differentiate them from thoracic or lumbar vertebrae (Picture 1) (See [[Vertebra]] for the general common features). Cervical vertebrae have a small body, reflecting the fact that...

Facial Bones of the Skull

The facial bones of the skull form the upper and lower jaws, the nose, nasal cavity and nasal septum, and the orbit. The facial bones include 14 bones, with six paired bones and two unpaired bones: The paired bones are the maxilla, palatine, zygomatic, nasal,...